Chronic low back pain is one of the most common non-communicable diseases worldwide and one of the leading causes of disability. It is classified as pain lasting longer than 12 weeks. 85% of all back pain is caused by non-specific reasons. Patients with CLBP have a wide range of associated symptoms and problems, involving physical, psychological, and physiological areas of their lives. Low back pain is one of the highest patient representations in osteopathic clinics and regularly treated by osteopaths.

This thesis reviewed the role of high-intensity training as a treatment modality for chronic low back pain and the difference between the intervention effects between low-intensity training and high-intensity training.

Results showed that high-intensity exercise was an effective intervention in significantly increasing the strength in patients with CLBP and equally as effective as low-interval training in increasing disability, quality of life and exercise capacity. Physical activity and exercise is seen as a vital sign of health in the field of osteopathy and something that is regarded as important to be considered in patient centered care. Exercise ordination is commonly seen being incorporated into the management of various conditions, especially in treatment of low back pain by osteopaths.