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This report introduces the present state of affairs in news automation and discusses what ethical considerations it raises in the work of media councils. Based on a European-wide research project, the three key takeaways are as follows:1) Large media players use automatically updated counters and infographics, but the automated gener-ation of news text is still mainly experimental in nature. We need to keep our eyes open to the possible need for self-regulatory guidance on news automation, though there are as yet no urgent issues. 2) We must not underestimate the technical progress already made in the field. Issues regarding data, agency and transparency should not be overlooked when discussing news automation today.3) Media councils should critically revisit their complaints procedures so that audiences have a genuine opportunity to bring up their grievances with automation. Most importantly, the councils should act proactively with regard to the changing media landscape.The key is that if it is not the media councils that take the lead on this, it is going to be someone else. And whoever it is – whether national legislators, the EU or platform companies – they might jeopardise the freedom of the press. This means that external control and guidance might force journalistic media to make decisions about content and publishing on non-journalis-tic grounds
Juttuja kirjoittaessaan toimittajat tekevät lukuisia valintoja. Nämä valinnat eivät kuitenkaan ole arvioitavissa sen mukaan, mikä on totta ja mikä ei. Siteerauksen ja sitä edeltävien työvaiheiden analyysi johtaa päätelmiin, joissa journalismin jakamattomin ydin, faktapohjaisuus, asettuu kyseenalaiseksi.
The purpose of the thesis was to investigate ways to improve the energy efficiency of the greenhouse by utilizing energy recycling and various heat production methods. The thesis is based on data modelling and simulations, which assess the impact of different energy solutions. The results indicate that the potential for energy recycling is limited, but integrating an electric boiler into the system and converting old oil tanks into buffer storage are effective ways to improve system efficiency and flexibility. The thesis presents development suggestions for enhancing energy efficiency in the greenhouse environment. One key observation is the significance of monitoring, which enables tracking the impact of energy efficiency measures, providing valuable insights into system efficiency. The findings offer valuable information and practical tools for improving the energy efficiency of the greenhouse. Through comprehensive studies, complementary energy efficiency projects can be planned and implemented, collectively enhancing the long-term sustainability and profitability of greenhouse cultivation.
The Mediated Social Communication (MSC) approach considers mass media a venue for opposing and complementary societal groups to publicly negotiate socially relevant topics. This negotiation is conducted through representatives of these groups and mediated by journalists. Inspired by the MSC approach, this paper presents an empirically grounded model that structures the mediating process through the process of quoting. By identifying the key phases of newswriting as sub-processes of quoting, the paper argues that journalists (1) decide on a topical issue to be addressed (topicalisation), (2) identify groups of people who are linked to this issue (societal localisation), (3) pick some people as representatives of these societal groups (personalisation), and (4) verbalise these people's points of view, often by means of quoting, inter alia (verbalisation). The four-phase model is then operationalised into a data collection method that facilitates access to and fosters new insights into the subtle dynamics of newswriting. Hitherto, these dynamics have often remained obscure, because the craft ethos is adopted as tacit knowledge through implicit socialisation and is therefore difficult for journalists to verbalise. The paper concludes by calling for reconsideration of journalists’ role as gatekeepers who decide which issues and voices are heard in public discourse.
Transparency is seen as a panacea for a major problem facing journalism and journalists today, that is, the loss of trust and credibility. However, the scholarly literature has focused primarily on normative considerations, without providing much empirical data that could confirm what are widely assumed to be the positive effects of transparency. In this paper, I argue, first, that editorial texts, in their various manifestations, are the most potent of the various established means of displaying transparency for opening up the production of news item. However, I then draw on my linguistic, process-focused research on quoting and highlight challenges this process creates for the use of editorial texts in the pursuit of transparency. It turns out that conveying the essentials of decision-making that occurs during newswriting requires profound understanding and awareness of the interplay between modalities, co-texts and contexts of language use. Finally, implementing the norm of transparency has allegedly led to the transformation of a well-intentioned goal into an institutional myth, leading journalists – constrained, for example, by the mechanism of impression management – to disclose only socially acceptable practices. Therefore, I conclude by arguing for transdisciplinary research in which scholars research ‘on, for and with’ (Perrin, 2018) other stakeholders in order to bring about a fundamental change in the culture of transparency in journalism.
Opinnäytetyöni on kaksiosainen. Taiteellisena osana on What Ever Works -nykymusiikkifestivaalin konsertti, Viisi sisäistä maailmaa. Konsertti pidettiin Sigyn-salissa 7.2.2016. Kirjallisessa osiossa käsittelen orkesterisoittajien vuorovaikutusta ja siihen liittyviä elementtejä soittajan näkökulmasta. Opinnäytetyöni kirjallisessa osassa käyn läpi puupuhaltimia soittavien ammattimuusikkojen haastatteluissa esiin tulleita seikkoja ja pohdin niiden syy-seuraussuhteita. Jäsennän esiin nousseet ilmiöt, niiden vaikutuksen ja niihin liittyvän pohdinnan osa-alueittain. Vuorovaikutusta koskevassa luvussa käsittelen subjektiivisten musiikkikokemusten muodostumista ja niihin vaikuttavia seikkoja. Vuorovaikutuksesta siirryn harjoittelun ja musiikin kontekstin kautta pohtimaan erilaisia vuorovaikutustilanteita ensin dynamiikan, sitten agogiikan näkökulmasta.