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Tämän tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli selvittää, voiko persoonallisuudella olla jonkinlainen yhteys arkipäivässä valitsemamme musiikin kuunteluun ja käyttötarkoituksiin. Tutkimusmateriaali koostui aiemmin toteutetusta, struksturoidulla online-kyselyllä kerätystä materiaalista, jossa itse data-analyysiin kelpuutettuja vastaajia oli 340. Vastanneet koostuivat Jyväskylän yliopiston Humanistisen tiedekunnan opiskelijoista. Online-kysely koostui useasta osasta: Persoonallisuustestistä (BFI; John & Srivastava, 1999), sekä osioista, joissa käsiteltiin musiikin kuunteluun liittyviä funktioita ja tilanteita. Lisäksi selvitettiin vastanneiden musiikillista kokemusta ja musiikin viikkokuuntelumääriä. Kerätty materiaali analysoitiin käyttämällä tilastollisia analyysimenetelmiä – pääkomponenttianalyysiä (PCA), sekä Pearsonin että Spearmanin korrelaatioita. Tutkimuksen tulosten perusteella voitiin todeta yhteys persoonallisuuden ja itsevalitun musiikin käyttötapojen välillä. Merkittävimmät korrelaatiot näkyivät extroverttien yksilöiden musiikin käytössä, joka muihin persoonallisuuspiirteisiin verrattuna oli ehkä jopa hieman yllättävästi selvästi kattavinta. Suurin yksittäinen korrelaatio ilmeni avointen ihmisten taipumuksessa käyttää musiikkia itseilmaisullisiin tarkoituksiin sekä esteettisenä nautintona. Tutkimuksen tulokset tarjoavat musiikkipsykologian alalle uutta tietoa persoonallisuutemme roolista musiikin käyttöön liittyvissä valinnoissa.
Kieli: | eng deu |
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Julkaisija: | [Germany] : Springer |
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2524-6178 |
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This study examines the structure of music preferences in the sample of participants from the Czech Republic (n=521), differences in structure of music preferences among various age groups and the associations between these preferences and certain personality characteristics. The exploratory factor analysis revealed five music preference dimensions. Further analysis addressed the question how music preferences are related to personality characteristics. Preferences for these music dimensions were related to personality dimension of Big-Five personality model. The data confirmed prior research conducted in the United States and revealed certain dissimilarities based on cultural differences.
Kieli: | eng |
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Julkaisija: | Cambridge : Cambridge University Press 2018- |
ISSN: |
2513-9886 |
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Individual factors such as personality are essential for understanding musical experiences and engagement with music. Personality has been shown to be related to musical preferences and experiences, but little is known about how it affects music-related movement. The current study examined whether personality traits were related to the way in which people moved spontaneously to music. Twenty young adults (7 males, and 13 females, mean age 24.0 years) were asked to move spontaneously to a 12 bar blues sequence, and their movements were tracked with an optical motion capture system. Movement was measured with 16 variables which assessed the amount and type of movements exhibited, such as speed or acceleration of different body parts. Participants also completed the Big Five personality inventory, and a questionnaire about their background in music and dance. A number of trends were found in relationships between personality traits and music-induced movement. Neurotiscism tended to be related to jerky and accelerated movement, while both openness to experience and agreeableness tended to be related to smoother movement. Extroversion and conscientiousness, meanwhile, were related to higher speed of movement. Moreover, having dancing as a hobby was significantly related to an increase in music-related movement, while women tended to move their hands significantly more than men.
The importance of finding and promoting the right employees in a workplace cannot be overstated. Companies invest significant amounts of time and resources into identifying suitable candidates to ensure long-term profitability and success. One approach commonly employed by organizations to aid in this process is the use of personality tests. This thesis explores the use of personality tests in the professional setting, specifically focusing on the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), the Big Five personality traits, the Enneagram, and Psychometric testing. The study investigates the interconnection of these tests and evaluates their effectiveness in promoting harmonious workplace relationships and improving productivity. The research also examines the controversies surrounding the use of personality tests, including concerns about discrimination in hiring practices. Additionally, the study investigates the relationship between personality traits and leadership styles, with a particular focus on transformational leadership, which is positively related to extroversion, openness, and conscientiousness. The findings suggest that personality tests can be an effective tool when used correctly and in conjunction with extensive research and facts. Ultimately, this thesis highlights the importance of identifying and promoting the right employees to ensure a productive and profitable workplace environment.
The aim of the present study has been to investigate how differently skilled clinical psychologists use the Rorschach Comprehensive System (RCS) when they assess personality. There are no earlier studies in this area, and therefore the nature of this study is exploratory, aiming at the discovery of new knowledge that can act as a basis for further investigations. The subjects comprised three skill groups (expert, intermediate, and novice groups), each of which included 10 participants. They were to assess the personality of two real patients, using the anamnesis, the WAIS-R profile, and the RCS-materials. The assessments were carried out thinking aloud and the transcribed verbal protocols (610 pages) were used as data. The relevant categories were found using a datadriven approach. They were as follows: items used from the RCS-materials, inferences made from items, integration of information, errors in using the RCS, and content and structure of personality characteristics. The first key result was that experts differed mostly from other groups by making more inferences from RCS-materials, integrating more, making fewer errors and constructing more complex personality characteristics, and skilled use of the RCS in personality assessment is thus primarily seen to be connected to these activities. The second main result was that there were no differences between the intermediate and novice groups, which raises discussion about the development of skills in this area.
Theoretical models of personality disorders can be complex and multifaceted, making it difficult to validate such models in a comprehensive, empirical fashion. One such model of borderline personality disorder (BPD) is the emotional cascade model (Selby & Joiner, 2009), which has garnered empirical support in piecemeal fashion but has not been examined in a gestalt fashion. One way to test comprehensive models of personality pathology is with Temporal Bayesian Network (TBN) modeling, in which the relations between multiple subcomponents of a model can be specified and examined over a dynamic time frame, allowing for the modeling of positive feedback processes in addition to comprehensive model utility. In this study, we applied TBN modeling to examine the emotional cascade model in a sample of adolescents and young adults who actively self-injure, including those with BPD. TBN modeling was applied to ecological momentary assessment data provided via participant smartphone assessments for a period of 2 weeks. TBN analysis suggested that the emotional cascade model has considerable predictive utility, demonstrating substantial accuracy in predicting BPD diagnosis (with accuracy estimates around 90%) and momentary prediction of rumination, negative emotion, and dysregulated behaviors (with accuracy estimates consistently above 70% and reaching up to 100%, depending on the level of momentary prediction specificity). These findings provide support and validity to the notion that BPD may emerge from a dynamic interplay between emotional cascades and dysregulated behaviors. Implications of TBN modeling of BPD and personality disorders, in general, are discussed.
We evaluated gender-specific associations of dental anxiety with four dimensions of temperament: effortful control, extraversion/surgency, negative affect and orienting sensitivity. The sample comprised 2558 parents from the general population participating in the FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study. Dental anxiety was measured with the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale and temperament with the Adult Temperament Questionnaire. Associations between dental anxiety and temperament dimensions were modelled using linear and logistic regression analysis adjusting for general anxiety and depressive symptoms, age and education. In both women and men, dental anxiety was positively associated with negative affect (women β=1.10; 95% CI 1.06–1.15, men β=1.11; 95% CI 1.05-1.18) and negatively associated with effortful control (women β=0.95; 95% CI 0.92–0.99, men β=0.90; 95% CI 0.85–0.95). When modelling high dental anxiety findings were similar for negative affect (women OR=2.00; 95% CI 1.31–3.06, men OR=5.21; 95% CI 1.72–15.83), but for effortful control the association was no longer statistically significant. Additionally, extraversion/surgency was associated with dental anxiety in women (OR=1.50; 95% CI 1.01–1.47). Our findings indicate that temperament may have stronger role in the development of dental anxiety than psychological symptoms or disorders. The basic techniques of managing dental anxiety, such as building trust, providing control, using tell-show-do method and relaxation, can increase patient’s self-regulation and decrease their tendency to react negatively.
Background: Borderline personality disorder is a disorder where one´s sense of self is conflicted, affecting one´s behavior and way of feeling and thinking. Causes for borderline personality disorder are often trau matic events or childhood neglect. Aim: Purpose of this study was to examine the possible attitudes and stigma that nurses might have to wards borderline personality disorder patients. Methods: Data was collected from three databases that are available for JAMK student. Those databases were Cinahl, ProQuest and PubMed. Inclusion criteria used for the articles were English language, peer-re viewed, articles from year 2001 to 2021, full-text. The relevance of articles was measured by how the titles, abstracts and articles answered the research question. The analysis of the chosen 6 articles was based on thematic analysis method. Chosen articles were read and then categorized in main- and subcategories. Results: Borderline personality disorder patients were described by nurses as time-consuming, manipula tive and hard to treat which caused frustration and therefore lead to attitudes and stigma. Nurses experi enced the need for further education and knowledge about borderline personality disorder. Conclusion: The way borderline personality disorder patients were portrayed, highlighted the negative stigma and attitudes that exists even thought all attitudes were not negative. Further educating the nurses might provide better care
The aim of the study was to investigate a) if music students have a unique personality profile, and b) if music students in different genres differ in practice habits and musical self-image. Participants were music students in different music genres (n=96; jazz n=31, folk music n=33, classical genre n=32) from two conservatories in Sweden. Results indicated that music students differed significantly from students in psychology on agreeableness and openness. Students in classical genre practiced significantly more hours per week than students in jazz and folk music. Students in folk music practiced the most days per week in ensemble outside the school curriculum. A thematic analysis followed of the students’ descriptions of their strengths and weaknesses related to their musical development. Five main themes were identified; Learning, Interpretation, Playing Technique, Group Playing and Psychosocial Aspects. The metaphor of Musical Self-image was chosen as an appropriate overall description of the themes. Of the five themes, Learning was the most frequently mentioned theme by the students. In summary, the personality profile of music students differed only moderately to the control group. In addition, music students were more similar than different regarding practice habits and musical self-image.
Brands play an extremely important role in modern business and economic environment, providing to customers functional, symbolic and experiential benefits. Building strong brands became a key competitive advantage, especially for global companies, as a consequence of higher degrees of market saturation and competition. Nowadays, marketing strategies increasingly aim at creating, maintaining and enhancing strong brands. Among brand equity components, brand personality has been recognized as one of the most influential aspects, affecting customers’ purchasing decisions. Firms, with solid and unique personality associations, benefit from the higher level of loyalty and trust, creating positive customers’ attitudes, hardly to be replicated by competitors. The present Master’s Thesis investigates in depth the nature of brand personality dimensions, underlining the impact of brand drivers and testing the consistency of Italian brand personality scale. A sample of sixteen international and local brands is investigated among Italian customers, in order to provide new perspectives and to identify dissimilarities, in terms of personality traits formation. The different nature of personality dimension is analyzed, with the aim to enrich the understanding of how each dimension is formed and which brand drivers can be considered as primary to form specific personality associations, under customer’s point of view. To collect information for this qualitative study, sixteen semi-structured face to face and Skype interviews were conducted among Italian customers. Findings revealed a highly complex and rich nature of brand personality perceptions. Dissimilarities and discrepancies emerged even considering the country-specific context, aimed at avoiding the insurgence of cross-cultural issues. Italian brand personality scale proved to be a valuable and effective mean to analyze brand personality, even though few brands presented contrasting results and a more cross-dimensional essence. Each personality dimension revealed to be more strongly influenced by a limited set of personality drivers, reflected by peculiar and unique personality associations. Customers recognized the presented set of primary drivers, as effectively playing a fundamental role. However, C.O.O. emerged as a notably factor, despite the lacking of theoretical cues, leaving room for further studies and investigations on its value. Current results offer a new perspective on brand personality and allow practitioners to benefit from a more comprehensive and richer understanding of the construct. Accordingly, tailor made and focused brand strategies, can be adopted in order to develop distinguishing brand personality traits or to readdress current customers’ attitudes.
The goal of this thesis was to study different personality types and research based on a questionnaire if the personality type has any effect on project management. This thesis was conducted in two parts, in the literature review personality types and project management were researched through literature. Also, a review was made on previous research made on project management and personality types. The second part was a questionnaire that was sent by Google Forms to a selected group of 45 people. The received answers were analysed with SPSS tool. There were 24 replies received to this questionnaire. Unreliable answers were discarded out and finally two main categories were formed, leading and organising projects. Based on the analysis made by the answers it can be said that the given answers represent well information gathered from literature. Also, it can be said that personality types should not be fully disregarded while considering project management and best possible outcome for a project.
According to previous research interest in BDSM (Bondage-Discipline, Dominance-Submission and Sadomasochism) activities is quite high in several European countries and various BDSM practices are also common. The prevalence of certain BDSM activities has been found as high as 47% in the general population and 69% have had fantasies about BDSM-related activities. The prevalence varies with questionnaire items used. There is not much research on the personalities of BDSM practitioners or those who are interested in BDSM, but there is evidence that practitioners often have better well-being and they are more highly educated than the general population. The current study explored the prevalence of BDSM interest and practice in a Finnish population based sample, and other BDSM related questions, and investigated the association between BDSM interest and personality measured with six factor HEXACO personality measure. The sample had a total of 8,137 individuals and the participants answered a survey consisting of several tens of different questionnaires including the BDSM-related and the HEXACO personality measures. A total of 38% of the sample was interested in BDSM sex and non-heterosexual individuals displayed at most almost twice as much interest and at most 83% more participation in BDSM than heterosexual individuals. Younger participants (18-28 years old) displayed almost thrice as much interest than older participants, but this interest did not realize into higher practice rates. In this sample people who were interest in BDSM did not differ on any of the HEXACO personality factors from those who were not interested. These findings suggest that interest in BDSM is fairly common and the personalities of those who display interest in BDSM are similar to those who do not.
Mate choice is an evolutionary process in which the selection process depends on the attractiveness of the prospective partners phenotypic traits. The present study investigated whether previous and current romantic and sexual partners of the same individual tend to be more similar in terms of personality traits. In other words, we were interested in whether people have a certain “type” in partners, and if this “type” is consistent over time (when multiple partners are included). The sample consisted of 15 focus person groups, where the groups were formed by the partners of the same individual (N=44). To study similarity within a group an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used, where the within group and between group variances were accounted for. The amount of clustering (i.e. the amount of variance accounted for by focus person) indicated how similar the partners of a focus person were. The only nominally significant personality trait was Sentimentality, with an ICC of 0.57 (57 % clustering) p = .02. No ICCs were significant after controlling for multiple comparisons. The results indicate that people do not have a set type when it comes to the personality traits of their partners. However, the sample in the present study was likely underpowered to detect clustering tendencies with smaller effect sizes, and it is therefore possible that clustering for personality could occur. We were also unable to test for gender differences, and it is possible that clustering effects could be more pronounced in women. Future research should focus recruiting larger samples with sufficient statistical power.Partnerval är en evolutionär process där attraktiviteten av egenskaperna hos potentiella partners styr själva valprocessen. I den föreliggande avhandlingen var målet att undersöka personers nuvarande och/eller före detta romantiska eller sexuella partners, och se om de är lika när det gäller personlighetsdrag. Med andra ord var intresset att se om människor föredrar en viss “typ” när de väljer partners, och att se om man väljer följdriktigt enligt denna “typ” (flera partners per fokusperson inkluderades). Samplet bestod av 15 grupper som bildades enligt fokusperson, och där gruppmedlemmarna var varje fokuspersons nuvarande/före detta partners (N= 44). För att forska hur lika medlemmarna i grupperna var, analyserades inomgrupps- och mellangrupps varianser med en intraklass korrelationskoefficient (ICC). Mängden klustring (d.v.s. hur mycket av variansen som förklaras av fokuspersonen) indikerade hur lika partnerna i en grupp var. Det enda nominellt signifikanta personlighetsdraget var sentimentalitet med ICC 0,57 (57 % klustring) p = .02. Inga resultat var signifikanta efter kontroll för multipla test. Resultaten indikerar att människor inte har preferenser för en viss “typ” när det kommer till deras partners personlighet. Samplet i den föreliggande avhandlingen var troligen för litet för att fånga upp klustring med små effektstorlekar. Därför är det möjligt att klustring för personlighet kunde finnas i verkligheten. Det kan också vara möjligt att klustring av personlighetsdrag syns mer tydligt i ett sampel av kvinnor, men jämförelsen mellan kön blev i detta fall omöjligt på grund av sampelstorleken. Framtida forskning kunde fokusera på rekryteringsprocessen för ett större sampel med högre statistisk styrka.
Perception is the process by which an individual interprets their surrounding environment. The current study seeks to investigates the relationship between personality and the perception of the ambiguous Necker cube stimuli. More specifically the present study seeks to examine the relationship between the big-five personality traits and the perception of Necker cube stimuli as well as how these relationships may be moderated by cognitive flexibility and cognitive empathy. The present study also, examined the involvement of bottom-up and top-down processes in the before mentioned relationships. In this study there was a total of 160 participants sampled globally (i.e. the United Kingdom, the European Union, Australia, the United Arab Emmerits, Malaysia, India, and the United States of America). The present study consisted of three task conditions: a passive condition, hold condition, and a switch condition. There were 20 trials (16 experimental and 4 control) included in each of these three task conditions, and in each trial, stimuli were presented in pairs. In each task condition participants were instructed on how they should attempt to direct their perception of the second stimuli presented. In the passive condition participants were instructed to passively perceive the stimuli, in the hold condition participants were instructed to hold their initial perception of the first stimuli, and in the switch condition participants were asked to reverse their initial perceptual interpretation of the first stimuli presented. The dimensions of personality that were examined in the current study include the big-five personality traits (i.e., openness, conscientiousness, extroversion, neuroticism, and agreeableness), cognitive flexibility, and cognitive empathy. In this study effects on reversal rates were only observed in the switch and hold task conditions which are the conditions requiring top-down processes. From this it can be surmised personality has an influence on reversal rates at the level of top-down processes. Each of the big-five personality traits were found to have an effect on reversal rates when moderated by either cognitive flexibility or cognitive empathy.
To explore the characteristics of effective industrial leadership, this work embarked on a quantitative effort to investigate requirements posed on leaders. Contrary to previous competence-based studies, the present work examined leader qualities more broadly through substantive knowledge, personality traits, socio-emotive skills, cultural awareness, and ethics and values. A particular aim was to conceptualize and operationalize effective leader behavior in industries to identify relevant and targeted foci for engineering pedagogy. Statistical analysis and factor analysis of the data from 503 respondents on 81 leader traits or skills shows that leadership that elicits positive organizational outcomes is founded on such leader personality dimensions as reliability, and such socio-emotive skills as self-leadership, emotional stability, inspiration and assertive communication.
Abstract This interdisciplinary study describes in the first part the frequency with which various statistical research designs and methods are reported in psychiatric journals, and investigates how the use of these methods affect the visibility of the article in the form of received citations. In the second part focus is specifically on factor analysis, and the study presents two applications of this method. Original research articles (N = 448) from four general psychiatric journals in 1996 were reviewed. The journals were the American Journal of Psychiatry, the Archives of General Psychiatry, the British Journal of Psychiatry and the Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. There were differences in the utilisation of statistical procedures among the journals. The use of statistical methods was not strongly associated with the further utilisation of an article. However, extended description of statistical procedures had a positive effect on the received citations. Factor analysis is a statistical method based on correlations of the variables, which is often used when validity and structure of psychiatric instruments are studied. Exploratory factor analysis is designed to explore underlying latent factors, and in confirmatory factor analysis the aim is to verify the factor structure based on earlier findings in other data sets. Using data from the 31-year follow-up of the Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort Study this study aimed to demonstrate the validity and factor structure of scales measuring temperament (Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire, TPQ, and Temperament and Character Inventory, TCI) and alexithymia (20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale, TAS-20). The results of exploratory factor analysis indicated good performance of the TCI and TPQ, though the results suggested that some developmental work is still needed. Of the two scales, the TCI worked psychometrically better than the TPQ. A confirmatory factor analysis showed that the three-factor model of TAS-20 was in agreement with the Finnish version of the scale. To conclude, future authors of psychiatric journals might apply these results in designing their research to present intelligible and compact analysis combined with a high quality presentation technique. Results of the factor analyses showed that the TPQ, TCI and TAS-20 can be used also in their Finnish versions.
The purpose of this Master’s Thesis is to examine the consumers’ attitudes towards three magazine brands and their brand personality. One of the examined magazines was targeted to women, one to young people and one of the magazines concentrated on technology. This study used qualitative method. Content analysis was used to study the differences in consumer attitudes between the studied magazines. The consumer attitudes were examined by an inquiry presented at the magazine website. The results of the inquiry were analyzed with correspondence analysis. The correspondence analysis was used in order to quantify the qualitative research material. The magazine publishers’ thoughts of the magazine brand and its personality was studied through the content of the magazine’s website. The consumers saw several traits of personality in a magazine’s brand. The reasons, why the consumers’ attitudes towards different magazine brands varied by magazine type, were caused by the differences in consumer groups, than by differences built by the publisher. The views of the publisher and consumers were very alike in the topic of brand personality of a magazine targeted to women. Despite, the magazine concentrating on technology suffered from unclear brand.
This study is interested in leaders’ individual qualities and leadership style, focusing on personality and communication style, and how they impact on transformational leadership. In addition, this study is also interested in the influence of age, gender, and leadership experience of the leader on transformational leadership. The data consisted of 385 Finnish leaders who rated themselves in regard of personality, communication style and transformational leadership. SPSS Statistics 26.0 was used to test the relationships. Several statistically significant associations were found, indicating that both personality and communication style have an impact on transformational leadership. Leadership experience and gender also had some effect, but interestingly, age had no effect on transformational leadership style.
The associations between personality traits and mental well-being are analyzed using data from the Jyväskylä Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development (initial N = 369; 53% males). At ages 33/36 to 50, the NEO-PI and Scales of Psychological and Social Well-Being as well as indicators of emotional well-being were administered. At ages 8 and 14, socioemotional behaviors were assessed by teachers. First, both genders show high relative continuity in the Big Five personality traits and mental well-being during mid-adulthood. Second, the developmental course of neuroticism and extraversion during mid-adulthood is similar to that of psychological well-being: over 80% of the participants low in neuroticism or high in extraversion are high in psychological well-being. Third, early behavioral activity precedes mental well-being and extraversion.
This study focuses on entrepreneurial aspects of different personality types in order to increase understanding of entrepreneurial mindsets in Finland. Our purpose is to identify the entrepreneurial personalities in Finland because there is high need to foster entrepreneurship and gaining more knowledge of entrepreneurial tendencies can support this. The data were gathered from 889 research participants. Personality was measured with Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). MBTI includes eight different preferences, which describe a person’s orientation of energy (extraversion, E and introversion, I), the way of gathering information (sensing, S and intuition, N), the way of making decisions (thinking, T and feeling, F) and the lifestyle (judging J and perceiving, P). Altogether there are sixteen possible personality types (e.g., ISTP, ESTJ). Results indicated that entrepreneurial tendencies largely correlated with the personality preferences extraversion and intuition.
Personality may play an important role in depressive disorders. The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between the Big Five personality domains as outlined by the Five Factor Model and depression severity. The study used existing data where 470 adults reporting depressive issues completed an online survey. Personality and depression severity were assessed by the Ten-item Personality Inventory (Gosling 2013) and the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (Rush et al. 2003) respectively. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that personality significantly predicted the severity of depression where Emotional stability made the largest unique contribution to depression severity followed by Extraversion and Conscientiousness. Emotional stability, Extraversion and Conscientiousness were inversely correlated with depression severity. Agreeableness and Openness were not significantly associated with depression severity. This study confirms the association between personality and depression, and extends the literature demonstrating associations between the Big Five personality domains and depression severity. Assessment of personality may be of clinical value in depressive disorders.
Recent studies have summarized reported music preferences by genre into four broadly defined categories, which relate to various personality characteristics. Other research has indicated that genre classification is ambiguous and inconsistent. This ambiguity suggests that research relating personality to music preferences based on genre could benefit from a more objective definition of music. This problem is addressed by investigating how music preferences linked to objective audio features relate to personality. Participants (N = 354; 165 males) completed a personality measure and rated their preference to 120 music clips from various music (sub-)genres (e.g., classical, rock). Principle Components Analysis revealed a nine-component model that accounted for 61% of the variance in music preference ratings. Audio features computationally derived from the music clips were subsequently analysed to discriminate between music contained within each of these factors. In addition, participants’ estimated music preference scores to these factors were related to personality facets. Aggregated results showed, for example, that Excitement-Seeking was positively related to music with a greater number of percussive events while negatively related to music with fewer percussive events. Results are discussed in terms of how objective features can provide greater insight into how music preferences relate to personality.
The gaming industry is in a constant state of evolution, yet a limited number of studies have explored the impact of character animations on shaping users' interpretation of a character's personality. Perceived character personalities can be crucial in eliciting emotional connections with players. This research delves into the effect of character animations on players’ perception of personality traits and their impact on play styles. The study involved 22 participants and utilized the Big Five TIPI test to assign participants to characters with congruent personality traits. The findings from the Wilcoxon Signed Rank and Mann-Whitney U tests demonstrated that character animations do not impact a player’s gameplay style. Yet, the results suggest that character animations have an impact on personality perception and gameplay enjoyment, especially for extroverts. Despite that, the absence of homogeneity and the characters’ appearance might have contributed to biased results. Further research with an unadorned character is required to investigate potential confounding factors, including a randomized sample while establishing participants’ baseline before the experiment to control aspects that could influence the outcomes.
Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies enable Conversational Agents (CAs) to perform highly complex tasks in a human-like manner and may help people cope with anxiety to improve their mental health and well-being. To support patients with their mental well-being in an authentic way, CAs need to be imbued with human-like behavior, such as personality. In this paper we cover an innovative form of CA, so-called Personality-Adaptive Conversational Agents (PACAs) that automatically infer users’ personality traits and adapt accordingly to their personality. We empirically investigate their benefits and caveats in mental health care. The results of our study show that PACAs can be beneficial for mental health support, but they also raise concerns about trust and privacy issues. We present a set of relevant requirements for designing PACAs and provide solution approaches that can be followed when designing and implementing PACAs for mental health care.
The rapid development of tourism Internet applications has generated a lot of comments and information related to tourist attractions. These comments reflect the tourists’ thoughts and preferences about tourist attractions after the travel experience and appear in various media. Travel online reviews are becoming an increasingly important experience information carrier for potential customers that spend a lot of time reading online reviews to assist in travel decisions. In the tourism industry, novelty seeking is a personality trait that is widely considered to be related to tourism motivation and the choice of tourist destinations. Novelty seeking not only involves many aspects of tourists’ activities such as eating, accommodation, traveling, shopping, and entertainment, but also related to tourists’ loyalty, willingness to return, and satisfaction. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the novelty seeking personality traits from the massive travel online reviews, and recommended new travel destinations based on the customer’s novelty seeking tendency. The traditional measurement and identification methods of personality traits have the limitations of being used in a wide range of audiences and the inaccuracy caused by the subjectivity of the subjects. Relying only on traditional methods to identify novelty seeking from massive online travel reviews is almost an impossible mission. In the era of data explosion, text classification methods based on bag-of-words and traditional machine learning appear to be inefficient. The rapid development of deep learning technology has brought more possibilities for the solution of text classification tasks. Research on how to combine new technologies with existing solutions and improve the accuracy of the existing schemes has high practical value.
Sisu is a Finnish cultural concept that denotes determination and resoluteness in the face of adversity. We propose that sisu will supplement the English-language based research on mental fortitude traits. Sisu has not been the focus of systematic research until very recently. We created a new questionnaire measuring sisu (the Sisu Scale), sought to validate the sisu construct and its sub-factor structure as postulated in a recent qualitative study. We investigated associations of sisu with other measures of mental fortitude and well-being. More generally we aimed to enrichen the cross-cultural understanding of human experience of overcoming adversity across life's challenges. We describe and validate a questionnaire that effectively measures both beneficial and harmful sisu, each comprising three sub-factors. Beneficial sisu was associated with other measures of fortitude, but less with personality dimensions. We also confirmed the existence of an independent harmful sisu factor. Beneficial sisu was associated with higher well-being and lower depressive symptoms, and harmful sisu with lower well-being and higher levels of general stress, work stress and depressive symptoms. Together the two factors were superior compared to pre-existing measures when predicting well-being-related variables. Results suggest that the new Sisu Scale we developed may provide a valuable addition to research on mental fortitude, resilience and their consequences for well-being.
Peripheral nervous system can influence learning and memory functions by increasing the activity level (‘arousal’) of the system with increasing task difficulty. Several studies show that musicians discriminate auditory stimuli more effectively both neurally and behaviourally. Yet, the effects of individual peripheral nervous responses or personality during auditory learning have not been studied in musicians. In this paper, we show preliminary evidence on physiological differences between musicians and non-musicians during auditory perceptual learning. Results suggest that musicians have higher change in skin temperature and heart rate between resting state and active auditory discrimination than non-musicians. Musicians had also higher levels of approach (vs. withdrawal) related personality trait that correlated with their skin conductance level changes. Approach tendency correlated with respiration in non-musicians. Only musicians showed significant relationship between physiological responses and learning scores in active auditory discrimination task. Taken together, the present results indicate that there are differences in basic physiological processes as well as in personality profiles between musicians and non-musicians.